Erosive Esophagitis Complications: Quick Guide

If you’ve been dealing with acid reflux, you’ve probably heard the term erosive esophagitis. It means the lining of your esophagus is getting worn away by stomach acid. Most people think the pain is the worst part, but the real danger lies in the complications that can develop over time.

Common complications you should watch for

Esophageal stricture is a narrowing that forms when scar tissue builds up. It can make swallowing solid foods feel like chewing on cardboard. If you notice food getting stuck more often, it’s a sign to get checked.

Bleeding can happen when the eroded tissue breaks open. You might see blood in your vomit or notice black, tarry stools. Any sign of blood should trigger an immediate doctor visit.

Barrett’s esophagus is a change in the cells that line the esophagus. It’s a direct result of long‑term acid damage and raises the risk of esophageal cancer. Regular endoscopy can catch this change early, before it turns serious.

How to prevent complications

First, control the acid. Over‑the‑counter proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers can lower stomach acid enough to let the esophagus heal. Stick to the dosage your doctor recommends and avoid stopping abruptly.

Second, change your habits. Cut back on spicy foods, caffeine, alcohol, and smoking—these all irritate the lining. Eating smaller meals and not lying down for two hours after eating can also help.

Third, keep an eye on symptoms. New difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss, or recurring chest pain aren’t normal. Early detection of a stricture or Barrett’s can save you from more invasive treatments later.

If a complication does develop, treatment options vary. A mild stricture might be stretched with a balloon during an endoscopy. More severe narrowing could need repeated dilations or even surgery. For Barrett’s, doctors often monitor with regular scopes and may recommend radiofrequency ablation to remove abnormal cells.

Bleeding is usually stopped with endoscopic techniques—clipping the vessel or applying medication directly to the site. In rare cases, surgery is required.

Remember, the biggest weapon against complications is consistent follow‑up. Your doctor might schedule periodic endoscopies to see how the esophagus is healing. Skipping appointments can let problems grow unnoticed.

Bottom line: erosive esophagitis isn’t just a sore throat. It can lead to strictures, bleeding, Barrett’s esophagus, and even cancer if ignored. Managing acid, adopting gentle eating habits, and staying on top of medical appointments are the best ways to keep your esophagus in shape.